PhD defence: A ride for everyone? Unveiling the use and impacts of ride-hailing services across income levels in Yogyakarta

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Ride-hailing (RH) services have rapidly expanded in Indonesia, not only through car-based options but also motorcycle-based services (RH MC), which are popular due to the high rate of motorcycle ownership. While previous studies have mostly found RH usage to be associated with higher-income groups, limited attention has been given to lower-income users, especially those living in poverty. Additionally, RH in Indonesia is integrated within super-apps that offer a wide range of services on a single platform, such as food delivery, e-shopping, e-payments, and more. This study examines the use and impact of RH services in Yogyakarta Province, with a specific focus on differences in usage patterns across income groups, particularly among individuals living in poverty. The findings show that higher-income users tend to use RH for a wide range of activities, whereas lower-income individuals use RH in more distinct ways. For example, we found that people living in poverty are more likely to use RH MC for short and low-cost trips, especially on weekends, often to earn additional income. Despite financial constraints, these users report high levels of travel satisfaction when using RH services. In addition, low-income users face greater challenges related to transport affordability but report fewer barriers in terms of accessibility. Policy implications include improving RH accessibility and affordability for low-income groups, enhancing RH MC safety, integrating RH with public transportation, and implementing balanced regulations to reduce negative impacts such as congestion and pollution. This study offers valuable insights for building more inclusive and sustainable urban mobility systems.

Start date and time
End date and time
Location
PhD candidate
M. Muchlisin
Dissertation
A ride for everyone? Unveiling the use and impacts of ride-hailing services across income levels in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
PhD supervisor(s)
prof. dr. ir. D.F. Ettema
Co-supervisor(s)
dr. ing. J.A. Soza Parra